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Madhav Sadashiv Golwalkar (19 February 1906 – 5 June 1973), also known as Shri Guruji,〔Eleanor Zelliot, Maxine Berntsen (1988), "The Experience of Hinduism: Essays on Religion in Maharashtra", SUNY, p.197: "M.S. Golwakar, who later came to be known as Guruji".〕 was the second Sarsanghchalak (Supreme Leader) of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh. Golwalkar wrote ''Bunch of Thoughts'', and ''We, or Our Nationhood Defined''. However, these books are considered controversial. Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi who considers Golwalkar as one of his inspirations, has written a biographical profile of Golwalkar in his book "Jyotipunj".〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.caravanmagazine.in/vantage/modi-golwalkar-part-1 )〕 ==Early life== Golwalkar was born on 19 February 1906 in a Marathi family at Ramtek near Nagpur, Maharashtra. He was the only surviving son of nine children born to his parents Sadashivrao and Lakshmibai. As a school teacher, his father was frequently transferred around the country, and Golwalkar enrolled in various schools.〔 〕 After graduating with a bachelor's degree in the sciences from the Hislop College in Nagpur in 1926, he joined Benaras Hindu University (BHU) in Varanasi, and completed his master's degree in science. During this period, he came under the influence of Madan Mohan Malaviya, a nationalist leader and the founder of the University. After completing his degree in 1928, he went to Madras to pursue his doctorate in Marine Biology but was unable to complete it due to financial reasons. Later, he taught zoology for three years at BHU. It was here that he earned from his students the affectionate sobriquet of 'Guruji', owing to his beard, long hair and simple robe, a practice that was continued in a reverential manner among his RSS followers in later years. He later returned to Nagpur and by 1935 had obtained a degree in Law. In Nagpur, Golwalkar came into contact with the Ramakrishna Mission. He left for the Saragachi Ashram in Murshidabad district of West Bengal, seeking to renounce the world and become a sanyasi. At the ashram, he became a disciple of Swami Akhandananda, a disciple of Ramakrishna and ''Gurubandhu'' of Vivekananda. On 13 January 1937, he was initiated into the order and eventually received his 'diksha,' but his guru refused to permit him to become a sanyasi and directed him to continue the social service. He returned to Nagpur after his guru died in 1937. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「M. S. Golwalkar」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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